KTB Translation and Format  
     
         Translating a KTB is much more difficult than it would seem.  The translator must combine a knowledge of English and German language with a thorough understanding of U-boat tactics, techniques, technology and operations.  The language is highly technical and specialized and events are often expressed in a shorthand of acronyms and abbreviations.  In order to adapt the original KTB to the web and make them as readable as possible the team has adopted a number of "rules" to standardize the format.  
     
 
Data Format Example
Date DD.MM.YYYY 9 May 1942 is 09.05.1942
Time HH.MM.SS on the 24 hour clock 01:30PM is 13.30
Grid position always in the form of AA 1234  
Commas-Periods Decimal separator is the period (.) instead of the comma (,) used in the original German documents. 24.5 nm instead of 24,5 nm
  Thousands in numbers with six digits are separated by comma (,) instead of the period (.)  used in the original German documents 100,000 grt instead of 100.000 grt
Names Written in cursive letters  
Ships Written in CAPITAL LETTERS  
Unreadable text if just a few letters/numbers: represented by lower-case xx  
if entire sentences/paragraphs are unreadable then [text illegible] will be inserted
 
     
 
  Click the icon to view a few pages of the KTB from U-123's second patrol to the US East Coast
 
     
          In order to make the KTBs as readable as possible  the following abbreviations are used in translated KTBs:  
     
 
Units Abbreviation Equivalents
Seemeile nm - nautical mile, used for navigation 1 nautical mile = 1,852 meters or 6,076.1155 feet
Knoten kn - knot, used for speed 1 knot = 1.852 km/hr = 1.121 statute miles/hr
Kilometers km - used for distances 1 kilometer = 3,281 feet
Meters m - used for distances, lengths, depths and heights 1 meter = 3.2808 feet
Centimeters cm - used for lengths and caliber 1 centimeter = 0.3937 inch
Millimeters
mm - used for lengths and caliber 10 millimeter = 1 centimeter
Kubikmeters cbm - cubic meters, used to measure the amount of fuel 1 cubic meter = 1000 liters (~25.3 cubic feet)
Bruttoregistertonnen (BRT.), Grobe Registertonnage
grt - gross registered tonnage, used to compare the size of ships 1 grt = 100 cubic feet (~2.83 cbm) = 1 brt
Note:  The gross registered tonnage of a vessel represents the total internal volume available to transport cargo. Not to be confused with the weight of the ship or its displacement.
Atmosphären-druck (Atü) atm - used to measure pressure of air in compressed air tanks - unit of pressure equal the average pressure of the Earth's atmosphere at sea level 1 atm = 29.92 inches of mercury = 1013 mb or 14.696 psi
Millibar mb - used to measure atmospheric air pressure. 1 millibar = 100 pascal or 29.53 inches of mercury
Grad (degrees) Celsius °C - used to measure temperature 0° Celsius = 32° Fahrenheit - to convert temperature in C to F, first multiply by 9/5 and then add 32
 
     
 
  Click the icon to proceed to the Surface Engineering Forum's conversion calculator
 
     
  Addressees listed on the front cover of KTBs  
 
2. Admiral der Unterseeboote (2.A.d.Uboote) 2nd U-boat Admiral (This was the official title of the Admiral heading B.d.U. Org.)
Befehlshaber der Unterseeboote - Operationsabteilung ( B.d.U. Op.)
Commander in Chief Submarines (Operations)
Befehlshaber der Unterseeboote - Organisationsabteilung (B.d.U. Org.)
Commander in Chief Submarines (Administration and Supply)
Befehlshaber der Unterseeboote (B.d.U.) Commander in Chief Submarines/Flag Officer U-boats
Boot
The U-boat itself
Führer der Unterseeboote (F.d.U.) Commander Submarines - title used prior to creation of BdU in 1939, after that F.d.U. were regional Commanders reporting to B.d.U.
Führer der Unterseeboote Nordmeer (F.d.U.Nordmeer) Commander Submarines Northern Waters - Formed on September 1944 from the redesignated F.d.U. Norwegen.  Exercised operational control of all U-Boats in Northern Waters
Führer der Unterseeboote Norwegen (F.d.U.Norwegen) Commander Submarines Norway - Exercised operational control of all U-Boats operating from Norway
Oberkommando der Kriegsmarine (O.K.M.)
Supreme Command of the German Navy
Seekriegsleitung (S.k.L.)
Operations directorate of Supreme Naval Command
Unterseebootsflottille (U.-Flotille)
The Flotilla the U-boat was assigned to
 
     
  Stamps found on front cover of KTBs  
Secret Military Document!
Please find enclosed copy number _1_ at 2nd U-boat Flotilla Registry Number Secret Military Document _124_ of _11.2.42_     The Flotilla marks their copy of the KTB with the registry number and year in their their classified material tracking system
Please find enclosed copy number _38_ at Operations Directorate, Supreme Naval Command _3871/42_ Secret Military Document    The Operations Directorate marks the number they assigned to their copy of the KTB and the registry number/year in their their classified material tracking system
Please find enclosed at Supreme Naval Command _961/42 _  Official    The Supreme Naval Command marks the registry number/year in their their classified material tracking system
Copy Number ___1___
 

Official Document

Handle only by Officer
Each KTB bears the Admiralty stamp noting the PG number assigned by the Naval Intelligence Division at the time the records arrived in London.
     
  Headings of colunms in KTBs  
 
Date and Time
Position, Wind, Weather, Sea state, Lighting, Visibility, Moonlight etc.
                                         Events
 
     
  KTB Attachments  
 
Angriffsskizzen Sketch of attack
Auszug aus der Funkladde Excerpt of the Radio Log
Barographenstreifen, Barometerstreifen Recordings barometric pressure
Funkkladde M-Allgemein Radio log for General messages
Funkkladde M-Offizier Radio log for Officer only messages
Gefechtsskizzen Sketch of combat
Geleitoperation Report on convoy operation
Geleitskizzen Sketch of convoy operation
KTB Maschine Engineering log
Kursbericht Summary report of patrol
Schussmeldung, Schussunterlagen, Gefachtsschussunterlagen Firing reports one for each torpedo fired, sometimes submitted for gunnery actions as well
Wegekarte des boots Track chart of the boat
Wegekarte zur Geleitzugoperation Track chart of convoy operation
 
     
  KTB Vocabulary  
 
Abgeordnet Temporarily assigned
Abgeschlossen Completed
Abkürzung (Abk.) Abbreviation
Absatz (Abs.) Paragraph
Abschrift Transcript
Abteilung (Abt.) Department - Section/compartment of a ship
Adjutant (staff code = IIa) Adjutant
Admiral (Adm) Admiral
Admiralität Admiral's staff
Admiralsstab Admiral's staff
Admiralstabsoffizier (AStO.) Admiral's staff officer
Akten Files
Aktenmaterial Official documents
Allgemein (allg.) General
Amt Office, department
Amtlich Official
Anerkennungsschreiben Commendation
Angefangen Commenced
Anhang Appendix to a report, order, etc.
Anlage (Anl.) Please find enclosed/Attachment/enclosure
Anlagen Enclosures
Anscheinend (ansch.) Apparently
Anweisung Directive, instructions
Anzunehmen Assumed "Da anzunehmen ist" translates it must be assumed"
Assistenten Assistants, Clerks
Aufgabe Mission, task
Aufgestellt Constructed - When a U-boat failed to return from patrol BdU Op would construct a KTB based largely on the boat's orders and radio messages sent and received from the boat
Auflage Edition
Auftragserteilung Assignment of missions, tasks
Aufzeichnung Record, notation or sketch
Ausbildungsdienst Training Service
Ausbildungsgruppe für Front-U-Boote (Agru-Front) Training Group for Front U-boats
Ausfertigung Copy
Ausgabe Issue, edition
Beendet Conclude
Befehl
Order
Befehlshaber Commander
Befehlshaber der Sicherung West (B.S.W.) Security Commander West
Befehlsstelle Command post
Befehlsverhältnisse Chain of command
Befehsausgabe Briefing, issuance of orders
Beförderung Promotion
Begonnen Commenced
Bemerkung Remark, comment
Besonders (bes) Specially
Besprechung Conference
Betreffend Regarding
Betreffend (betr.) Concerning
Beurlaubung Administrative leave
Bezeichnung (Bez.) Indication, term
Beziehungsweise (bzw./bezw.) Respectively
Bezüglich (bezügl.) Regarding
Bezüglich (bzgl.) With reference (to)
Das heißt (d.h.) To wit, that is to say, meaning
Dauerbefehl Standing order
Davon (unter Wasser) Of that (submerged)
Dem Dienstweg Through channels
Desgleichen (dsgl.) Likewise/also
Desgleichen (dgl.) Ditto
Dezimal (Dez.) Decimal - in KTBs angles are sometimes expressed in 10's of degrees - 7 dez. = 70°
Dienst Service
Dienstgrad Rank
Dienststelle Command headquarters, duty station, administrative center
Dienststellung Official position
Dienstvorschrift Instruction manuel
Dienstweg Military channel
Division (Div) Division
Divisionsoffizier Division officer
Druckvorschrift (Dv.) Official instruction
Durchschlag Carbon copy (typed)
Ehemals, ehemalig (ehem.) Formerly, previously
Einschließlich (Einschl.) Including
Einschluss (Einschl.) Including
Einstern One star - declared when a U-boat is missing
Entwurf Draft version of a document
Etwa Approximate
Eventuell (evtl.) Possibly
Fahrt Journey, patrol, also speed
Feindfahrt War patrol
Flottille Flotilla
Frontboot U-boat on combat duty
Frontfahrt
War patrol
Führer der Unterseeboote West (F.d.U. West) Commander Submarines West
Führerbesprechung Commander
Führung Leadership
Führungsbuch Ship's log
Für die Richtigkeit For correctness
Gefechtsbefehl Combat order
Gefertigt (gef.) Made, produced
Gegeben (gegebf.) beglaubigen Certified to be correct
Gegebenenfalls (ggf.) (ggfls.) As the case may be, as required, If necessary
Gegenwärtig At the present time
Geheim Secret
Geheime Kommandosache (G.Kdos) Secret Military document
Geheimer Gegenstand Classified military item
Geheimhaltung Secrecy
Geländeschutz Military sketch
Gemäß (gem.) As per, in accordance with
Genannt (gen.) Given, specified, named
Gesamt Overall, total
Gesamt (ges.) Total/Aggregate
Geschehen wie oben (g.w.o.) Happend as above
Gezeichnet (gez.)
"Signed" as for an endorsement
Glückwünsche Congratulations
Gut gemacht Well done!
Handschriftlich Handwritten
Hauptquartier Headquarters
Heimaturlaub Leave/furlough
Herausgabe

Publication

Herausgeber

Editor

Im Auftrage On behalf of
In Vertretung (i.V.) On behalf of
In Auftrag geben (I.A.) To order
Journal Log book
Jungfernfahrt First cruise
Kommandant Commanding Officer
Kommandierender Admiral (Kom.Adm.) Commanding Admiral
Kommando (Kdo.) Command
Kommandozentrale Headquarters
Kriegstagebücher (KTB) War diaries
Lagevorträge Daily situation conferences
Laut (lt.) By/according to
Logkladde Rough log
Marinebeamte Navy officials (civil service officials)
Marine-Dienstvorschriften (M.Div.) Navy Official Instruction
Meines Erachtens (m.E.) In my opinion
Militärattaché (M.A.) Military attaché
Militärisch (milit.) Military
Nachtrag Addendum
Nachträge Supplements, addendum
Nota bene (NB.) Take note, used to call attention to something (Latin)
Oben angebeben (o.a.) Indicated above
Oberbefehl High Command (function)
Oberbefehlshaber Commander-in-Chief
Oberbefehlshaber der Kriegsmarine (Ob.d.M.) Commander in Chief of the Navy
Oberbefehlshaber des Heeres (Ob.d.H) Commander in Chief of the Army
Oberkommando High Command (agency and function)
Oberkommando der Kriegsmarine (Ob.d.M) Commander in Chief of the Navy
Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (O.K.W.) German Armed Forces High Command
Oder (od.) Or
Oder ähnliches (o.ä.) Or similar
Per Adressat (p.A) Per recipient
Prisenbericht Prize Report - submitted by a U-boat after taking a ship in prize)
Prüf Nr. Copy number, registry number
Prüfung (Prüf.) Literally Exam but means Copy
Referent (Ref.) Official in charge of a department
Regierungsrat (Reg.Rat.) Advisor/councilor
Richtlinien Directives
Schutzmacht Protecting power for POWs (Red Cross)
Seemeile Sea mile, nautical mile
Seetage Days at sea
Seiten Pages
Siehe (s.) See (as for a reference - eg. see page 45)
Siehe auch (s.a.) See also
Siehe oben (s.o.) See above
Stabsquartier (Stab) Headquarters
Stehender Kriegsbefehl Standing War Order
Stellungnahme des BdU Commentary of BdU - BdU would attach comments to each KTB signed on his belalf by his adjutant
Stückzahl (Stck.) Quantity
Tagebuch Log book, diary
Tagesbefehl Order of the day
Teil Part
Ubootabwehrschule (UAS.) Anti-submarine school
Übrigens (bzw.) By the way
Und (u.) And
Und ähnliches (u.a.) And other, among other things
Und so weiter (usw.) Etc.
Ungefähr (ungef.) Approximately
Unseres Erachtens (ü.E.) From our point of view
Unternehmung Literally undertaking but in the context of a KTB translates as patrol or war patrol
Unternehmung War patrol, operation, undertaking
Unterschrift Signature, signed
Unterseeboote Abnahme Gruppe (U.A.G.) U-boat Acceptance Group I - UAG I, III, and V were located in Danzig on the U-boat tender Acheron,UAG II, IV and VI in Kiel on the Amazone
Unterseeboots Abnahme Kommando (U.A.K.) U-Boat Acceptance Command
Urkunde Document, permanent record
Urkundenbeweis Documentary evidence
Urschrift Original copy
Verfügung (Vfg.) Order/Disposition/Disposal
Verlegungsfahrt Relocation cruise
Verteiler Distribution, Manifold, distributor
Vorgelesen, genehmigt,unterschrieben (v.g.u.) read, approved and signed
Wie oben (w.o.) As above
Zeichnungen Drawing, sketch
Ziffer (Ziff.) Cipher, number, paragraph, figure
Zum Beispiel (z.B.) For example
zum Beispiel (z.Bspl., z.B.) for example
Zur besonderen Verwendung For special mission, duty
Zur Besonderen Verwendung (z.b.V.) For special use
zur Verfügung (Vfg.) At hand
Zur Zeit (z.Zt or z.Z.). Presently/At this time/At the moment
Zusammenfassung Summary - At the end of the KTB the Commanding Officer would summarize the patrol, report lessons learned and make recommendations
Zusatzbefehl Additional order
Zuweisung Assignment
Zweistern Two stars - declared when a U-boat is lost
 
     
     


Click the icons to view the associated records

Return to the U-boat KTB page